X-ray Fluorescence (XRF)
Conservation & Restoration
X-ray Fluorescence (XRF)
Conservation & RestorationA non-destructive analytical technique used to identify the elemental composition of materials. It helps conservators understand pigments, alloys, and corrosion products without sampling.
Source: ICCROM, ICOMOS
Xenophobic Targeting (Heritage)
Ethics & Community
Xenophobic Targeting (Heritage)
Ethics & CommunityHostility toward perceived outsiders that can motivate discrimination, neglect, or attacks on their cultural heritage. It raises protection and ethics concerns in conflict and crisis settings.
Source: ICCROM, UNESCO
